郭亚龙，生于1976年5月。博士，中国科学院植物研究所研究员，博士生导师。1998年在西北师范大学获学士学位，2001年在兰州大学获硕士学位，2005年在中科院植物所获博士学位。2005年至2011年在德国马普发育生物学研究所做博士后研究。2011年到中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室工作。2012年获得国家自然科学基金委“优秀青年科学基金”项目资助；2019年获得国家自然科学基金委“杰出青年科学基金”项目资助。2019年获得“中国科学院优秀指导教师”。目前担任中国科学院大学岗位教授，《Journal of Systematics and Evolution》副主编，《BMC Plant Biology》、《植物学报》及《生物多样性》编委，国际拟南芥指导委员会（The Multinational Arabidopsis Steering Committee）委员，系统与进化植物学专业委员会委员。主要围绕植物适应性进化为核心科学问题开展基础性研究工作，以拟南芥及其近缘种为研究对象，致力于揭示植物适应气候变化的重要规律与进化机制。主要研究结果以第一或通讯作者发表在Nature Genetics，PNAS，Plant Cell，Genome Biology，Molecular Plant，Plant Journal，Plant Physiology，Genetics，Genome Biology and Evolution，American Journal of Botany及中国科学（生物科学）、植物分类学报等刊物上。

      郭亚龙博士主要从事植物进化生物学研究，在植物适应性进化机制方面取得了一系列突出成绩。

      1. 植物适应气候变化的机制。利用基因组学、生态学及遗传学等多学科手段，研究发现遗传多样性很低的物种里转座子的扩增能够快速导致关键适应性状（如开花时间）的变异，从而提高其适应能力，能够在一定程度上解释“生物入侵的遗传悖论”之谜——遗传多样性很低的物种如何快速适应新生境。进一步地，阐明了植物快速适应气候变化的进化机制，发现开花时间相关基因SVP的失活突变被自然选择固定下来，具有该突变的拟南芥都早花，从而使该物种快速适应新环境。

      2. 进化机制的可预测性。通过群体遗传学和分子遗传学的方法，研究发现某些基因甚至其特定区域是变异热点，更易于发生变异影响关键适应性性状的表型。同期该研究被作为亮点评述，认为这一原创性发现表明基因组里有变异热点的存在，这些变异热点的区域更易于发生突变影响表型，为“进化的可预测性”假说提供了关键实证。

      3. 基因组里的适应性变异。基于群体遗传学、生态学及分子遗传学的方法，研究发现假基因化对表型变异及适应性进化非常关键，假基因化与基因重复一样对生物进化十分重要，证实了“减少就是增加（less is more）”假说。同期该研究被作为亮点评述，认为该研究首次在植物里系统性地研究并澄清了假基因化的进化规律及其对生物进化的重要意义。进一步的研究发现，平衡选择在自然群体里普遍存在并保持了群体的遗传多样性，对植物的适应性非常关键。同期该研究被作为亮点评述，认为该研究对于理解平衡选择这个重要的基本进化机制具有重大理论意义。

Prof. YalongGuo, Principle investigator, PhD supervisor. 1998, BSc, Northwest Normal University, China; 2001, MSc, Lanzhou University, China; 2005, PhD, Institute of Botany, CAS, China. 2005-2011, Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Max-Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Germany; 2011, joined IOB. 2012, received the “National Fund for Excellent Young Scholars”; 2019, received the “National Fund for outstanding Young Scholars”. He is Adjunct professor of Chinese Academy of Sciences, and acted as deputy editor-in-chief for Journal of Systematics and Evolution, associate editor for Biodiversity Science and Chinese Bulletin of Botany, and members of the Multinational Arabidopsis Steering Committee and Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Committee. He is interested in plant adaptive evolution, and aimed to reveal the mysteries of how plants could adapt to the climate change. As the correspondence author or first author, his research work was published on international journals, such as the Nature Genetics, PNAS, Genome Biology, Plant Cell, Molecular Plant, Plant Journal, Plant Physiology, Genetics, Genome Biology and Evolution, American Journal of Botany, and Journal of Systematics and Evolution.

Prof. YalongGuo is interested in plant evolution, how organisms adapt to diverse habitats, which is a fundamental biological question since Darwin. He has achieved many important progresses in past a few years.

1. The mechanisms of adaptive evolution: He demonstrated that TE insertions can drive rapid phenotypic variation, which could potentially help with adaptation to changing environments in a species with limited standing genetic variation, to some extent reveals the mystery of the “genetic paradox of invasion”. He revealed that A. thaliana adapted to the Yangtze River basin habitat by promoting the onset of flowering, a finding that sheds light on how a species can adapt to locales with very different climates.

2. Genetic evolution is predictable: He showed that how parallel mutations in the same genomic region can shape phenotypic evolution in different populations, which reveals that genetic evolution is predictable to some extent. There are some genes or even some regions are likely hotspots to mutate and could affect the phenotypic variation, and eventually affect fitness.

3. Adaptive genetic variation across the genome: He revealed the importance of natural knockouts for adaptation and phenotypic diversification, which confirmed the hypothesis of “less is more”. His study indicated that many loci in the genome are under balancing selection, which are mostly correlated with resistance to stress or other fundamental functions, and likely play an important role in adaptation to diverse habitats.

第二届吴征镒植物学奖青年创新奖获得者郭亚龙研究员